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Product Category: Projects
Product Code: 00002232
No of Pages: 43
No of Chapters: 5
File Format: Microsoft Word
Price :
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ABSTRACT
The
research deals with estimating some mechanical properties of rock from in-situ
rebound value in Oreke open pit quarry ,N-Type
Schmidt rebound hammer data were collected from Oreke open pit .the data
were collected with the view to ascertain the suitability of Schmidt hammer for
quick ,cheap and less cumber some estimation of the uniaxial compressive
strength of marble .The data collection was strictly carried out by ASTM and
suggested equation by different authors. UNIAXIAL
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH, DENSITY, YOUNG MODULUS were determined using
value conversion graph. UNIAXIAL COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
for location 1 was 70MPa which mean the rock is medium in classification and
location 2 and 3 was 55MPa which also mean the rock marble medium is
classification and typical rock, type is competent metamorphic rock.
TITLE PAGE i
1.4 JUSTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT
1.5 LOCATION OF THE STUDY AREA
2.1 CONCEPT OF SCHMIDT REBOUND
HAMMER
2.2 GEOLOGICAL FORMATION OF MARBLE
2.3 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF
MARBLE
3.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (DESK
WORK)
3.1 DETERMINATION OF BULK DENSITY
3.2 PROCEDURE FOR COLLECTING
REBOUND HAMMER VALUE
3.3 CONVERTED FROM N – L TYPE DATA
3.4 ESTIMATING UNIAXIAL
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF MARBLE (UCS)
3.6 ESTIMATING OF YOUNG’S MODULUS
4.1.1 DETERMINATION OF BULK DENSITY
4.1.3 CONVERTED FROM N-TYPE TO L-TYPE
DATA
4.1.4 ESTIMATION UNIAXIAL COMPRESSIVE
STRENGTH
5.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
TABLES TITLE PAGE
4.1: Determination
of Bulk Density for Location 1;
4.2: Density
Test Result for Location 2
4.3: Density Test Result for Location 3
4.5: Standard
Procedure of Bulk Density Determination
4.6: Standard
for Uniaxial Compressive Strength (UCS)
FIGURES TITLE PAGES
1: Details of an L type Schmidt
hammer
Rock
mechanics engineers design structures built in rock for various purposes, and therefore need to determine the
properties and behavior of the rock. The UCS of rocks is one of the important
input parameters used in rock engineering projects such as design of
underground spaces, rock blasting, drilling, slope stability analysis,
excavations and many other civil and mining operations. ISRM (1981) testing of
this mechanical property in the laboratory is a simple procedure in theory but
in practice, it is among the most expensive and time-consuming tests. This
calls for transportation of the rock to the laboratory, sample preparation and
testing based on the international standards. In order to carry out these
standard tests, special samples, such as cylindrical core or cubical samples,
need to be prepared. Preparing core samples is difficult, expensive and
time-consuming. Moreover, the preparation of regular-shaped samples from weak
or fractured rock masses is also difficult.
Under these circumstances, the application of other simple and low-cost
methods to carry out the above tasks with acceptable reliability and accuracy
will be important. Therefore, indirect tests are often used to estimate the
UCS, such as Schmidt hammer, point load index and sound velocity. Indirect
tests are simpler, require less preparation and can be adapted more easily to
field testing (Fener et al. 2005).
The
Schmidt hammer rebound hardness test is a simple and non-destructive test
originally developed in 1948 for a quick measurement of USC and later was
extended to estimate the hardness and strength of rock. The mechanism of
operation is simple: a hammer released by a spring, indirectly impacts against
the rock surface through a plunger and the rebound distance of the hammer is then
red directly from the numerical scale or electronic display ranging from 10 to
100. In other words, the rebound distance of the hammer mass that strikes the
rock through the plunger and under the force of a spring, indicates the rebound
hardness. Obviously, the harder the surface, the higher the rebound distances.
(Torabi et al. 2010; Schmidt,
1951).
Aim
The aim is to estimate
some mechanical properties of rock from in-situ using Schmidt rebound hammer.
Objectives
To determine the
mechanical properties of marble deposit.
To determine it
suitability for industrial purposes
Collapse ,cracking of building and
pot hole in roads has been an issue of concern in construction industries which
may be caused due to lack of understanding and characteristic of rock lead to
pre-failure and post failure so estimating will help to determine its utility
and application
To
test for mechanical properties of Marble in Oreke using parameters such as
Universal Compressive Strength, Young modulus, density etc with the aid of
Schmidt rebound hammer.
In determining the
mechanical properties of marble with the constructed machine, so as to serve
has a model for student in mineral exploration and relevant field of
engineering which could serve as a guide to educate student by acquiring
practical knowledge on how the Schmidt rebound hammer is being use and detailed
maintenance.
Oreke
is about 120km south east of Ilorin, Kwara State. It is located at Ifelodun
Area in Kwara State at Ire district, the senatorial district is known South.
The marble site is about 4.5km South East of Oreke, about 2km access road from
the site heads to Oreke Ore Ago road, Oreke is 2.5km from the access road.
Marble in Oreke is strictly dolomite, Oreke marble deposit covers up to 7 cadastral unit. A cadastral unit is about 450 metres. Abdulfatah, 2016.
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