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Product Category: Projects
Product Code: 00002248
No of Pages: 77
No of Chapters: 5
File Format: Microsoft Word
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ABSTRACT
This research work tends to examine the effect of
leadership styles on workers’ productivity with special reference to Cadbury Nigeria
Plc.
Survey design was adopted and research
questionnaire was used to gather data from respondents.
A sample of one hundred (100) was drawn from the
population with the simple random sampling technique. Questionnaire was
administered to the sampled staff of Cadbury Nigeria Plc.
Three research hypotheses was formulated and tested
with the use of Chi-square technique.
The analysis resulted into rejecting the three null
hypotheses and accepting the alternate, thereby concluding that there is relationship between leadership style and
productivity; there is relationship between leadership style and labour
turnover and there is relationship between leadership style and subordinate
behaviours.
Suitable recommendations were proffered the management
of Cadbury Nigeria Plc.
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
Introduction
1.2 Purpose of
Study
1.3 Research Questions
1.4 Research Hypotheses
1.5 Significance of Study
1.6 Research Methodology
1.7 Scope of Study
1.8 Limitations of the Study
1.9 Definition of Terms
1.10 Historical Review of Cadbury Nigeria Plc
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 Introduction
2.1
Theoretical Framework and Concepts in Organizational Behaviour and
Performance.
2.2 Theories
of Leadership
2.2.1.
The ‘Trait” Approach
2.2.2
The Human Relations/Behavioural
Approach
2.2.3
The Situational Approach
2.2.4
Contingency Model of Leadership
2.3
Leadership Styles
2.4
Organizational Behaviour and
Motivation
2.4.1
The Behavioural Theories
2.4.2
Motivational Theories
2.5
The Impact of Leadership Styles on
Organizational Performance
2.5.1
Leadership Style and Climate
2.5.2 The
Organizational Performance
2.5.
Leadership Approaches in Cadbury Nigeria Plc.
2.5.1.
Background
2.6. Leadership Styles
2.0
Introduction
3.1
Area of Study
3.2
Population of Study
3.3 Sample Size
3.3
Methods of Data Collection
3.5 Research Instrument
3.6 Methods of Data Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA
4.0
Introduction
4.1 Presentation of Data
5.0
4.1.1 Respondents’ Characteristics
4.1.2 Respondents’ Views/Responses
4.2. Analysis of Data and Hypothesis Testing
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION
5.0.
Introduction
5.1. Summary of the Study
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendation
Bibliography
Appendix
INTRODUCTION
1.0
BACKGROUND
TO THE STUDY
Two
related concepts that are often used synonymously are ‘leader’ and
‘manager’. Allowing some fine conceptual
details, a leader concentrates on providing the vision with which a group is
led into achieving agreed objectives, and a manager is simply someone who
implements a vision handed down to him using agreed or ingenuous methods. Thus, leadership is proactive whereas
management is executing and at best reactive.
The implication of this subtle distinction is that managers must acquire
and utilize leadership skills for effectiveness.
Leaders
are individuals who have authority over others and are responsible for guiding
their actions. These are people who
engage in the traditional management practices such as planning, organizing,
decision-making and controlling. Leaders
are evaluated according to their ability to achieve organizational goals. Regardless of environmental constraints, they
are praised for successes and blamed for failures.
The
managerial roles set include all the significant other persons who must relate
to the manager in the course of carrying out the business of managing. The set us a very large one comprising of
superiors, subordinates, peers, visitors, clients, and the entire society at
large.
Leadership
is one aspect of the leader’s role that concerns the ability to personally
influence people in his role set to accomplish specific tasks. Fajana (2002).
The
ability of an individual to influence the thoughts and behaviour of others is
recognised as leadership. A
leader’s position may be formal or
informal, depending on the structure and nature of the group. Cole (1993).
Various
propositions and theories of leadership abound. These include:
Traits
Approach, that asserts that the ability to lead is an innate characteristics
and the personally traits exhibited include initiative, decisiveness,
self-assurance, assertiveness, intelligence, dressing, statue and physical
appearance.
Human
relations approach, which suggests that leadership ability, depends, not so
much on innate characteristics, but on the behaviour of the leader.
Others
are the X and Y theory, the contingency approach and path-goal theory. In addition to the theories, leadership can
be approached using different styles. Hackett (1979) listed the styles of
leadership as autocratic, democratic, and lasses-faire. The autocratic leader closely supervises the
subordinates by issuing precise and detailed instructions to cover every task
undertaken. The democratic leader
communicates and consults with subordinates or groups more often, with group
members actively participating in decision making in the laissez faire
approach, subordinate are left to take decisions they deem necessary to
complete their work.
The
need for effective leadership pervades the shoddy manner of performances in
both the private and public sectors of the Nigerian Economy.
The
well-known saying that “if the head is bad the whole body would be affected”
states clearly that the leadership of an organization is very important.
Ineffective
leadership has been the bane of the Nigerian economic and socio-political
systems. These problems have led to the
poor performance and low productivity among Nigerian workers. Thus, the Federal Military Government under
Buhari/Idiagbon regime declared a war against indiscipline as it relates to
work ethics.
In
Therefore,
scarcity of proper leadership in
1.1 STATEMENT
OF THE PROBLEM
In
The
present research is designed to contribute to a determination of the nature and
effects of leadership styles on Nigerian companies with Cadbury Nigeria Plc as
a case study.
1.2 PURPOSE
OF STUDY
The
purpose of this study is as follows:
1. To
determine whether leadership styles affect workers’ productivity in Cadbury
Nigeria Plc
2. To
determine how leadership styles affects industrial relations in Cadbury Nigeria
Plc.
3. To
determine and compare the managerial leadership styles and their impact on
employee behaviour and productivity.
4. To
appraise if leadership styles and patterns affect the rate of absenteeism and
labour turnover.
1.3 RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
Is there any
relationship between leadership styles and productivity?
Does
leadership pattern relate to performance of workers?
Is there any
relationship between leadership style and labour turnover?
Is there any
relationship between leadership behaviour and subordinates’ behaviour?
Is there any
ideal leadership style?
1.4 RESEARCH
HYPOTHESES
1. H0: There is no relationship between leadership style and
productivity
H1: There is relationship between leadership
style and productivity
2. H0: There is no relationship between leadership style and labour
turnover.
H1: There is relationship between leadership
style and labour turnover.
3. H0: There is no relationship between
leadership style and subordinate
behaviours.
H1: There is relationship between leadership
style and subordinate behaviours.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE
OF STUDY
This
study will enable the managers to appreciate the impact of leadership style on
organizational behaviour and performance of employees.
1.6 RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
The
population of this study comprised the managerial staff of Cadbury. The sample
size of 100 would be chosen as adequate for the study, the sample population
would be drawn from all departments within the organisation.
The
research instrument for this study would be administration of questionnaire on
the sampled population. The data generated at the end of the whole exercise
would be analysed and presented using the following statistical tools.
·
Tabulation
·
Frequency estimation
·
Percentage estimation
1.7 SCOPE
OF STUDY
We
will examine Cadbury’s leadership styles, corporate policies and human relation
practices.
The
research focused on corporate success or otherwise, leadership patterns in the
company as they affect or influence organizational behaviour and
performance. The major issues that
attracted attention are as follows:
1.
Whether leadership styles affect
worker behaviour and performance.
2.
Whether leadership pattern and
position classification of Cadbury Plc influence the attitude and behaviour of
the subordinates to work?
3.
Whether the leadership style adopted
by Cadbury Plc influences the attitude and behaviour of workers towards
achieving the corporate goals?
4.
Whether the leadership style affects
the rate of absenteeism and labour turnover in Cadbury Nig Plc.
1.8 LIMITATIONS
OF THE STUDY
The
available fund for this research is very small as a result of this the
researcher would not conduct the research as satisfactory as he had intended.
Transportation, typing and photocopying will consume a greater part of the fund. Some respondents would not co-operate, they
will sill doubt the sincerely of the researcher after he had introduced himself
and the purpose of the research.
The
researcher would also find it very difficult to reach out to some respondents,
especially those in management team because of their right schedules.
The
restriction on the release of information by the respondents would not be
helpful. Despite these shortcomings the researcher will make use of the time
available in most suitable and practicable ways.
1.9 DEFINITION
OF TERMS
|
1. |
Leader: |
A
leader is an individual who have authority over others and are responsible
for guiding their actions. |
|
2. |
Manager: |
A
manager is simply someone who implements a vision handed down to him using
agreed or ingenuous methods. |
|
3. |
Leadership: |
Leadership
is one aspect of the leader’s role that concerns the ability to personally
influence people in his role set to accomplish specific tasks. |
|
4. |
Leadership Style: |
Leader’s
typical way of behaviour towards group members can be classified as
“Leadership Style”. |
1.10 HISTORICAL
REVIEW OF CADBURY NIGERIA PLC
The
company was incorporated in
The
company’s wide range of quality brands and products in the confectionery, food
drinks and foods market are enjoyed throughout the country and also exported
abroad to neighbouring African countries. In addition, a range of intermediate
products notably Sorghum Extract and Glucose Syrup are manufactured in
dedicated facilities in Ikeja (a suburb of
In
2000, the scope of responsibility of the company was widened to cover the
entire West African sub-region. This brought about the reconfiguration of the
existing manufacturing facilities within the sub-region which made the Ikeja
factor as the source of consumer products for wider markets beyond the
The
company main subsidiary is Stanmark Cocoa Processing Company Limited, located
in Ondo. This subsidiary company processes cocoa beans into cocoa butter,
liquor and cocoa powder. The cocoa better is the main source of foreign
exchange to the company a sit is exported abroad, while the cocoa powder is
utilised locally by Cadbury
The
company board of Directors comprises a healthy mix of executive, non-executive
and independent Directors, who hold ultimate accountability for the business.
The role of Chairman (non-executive) is separated from that of CEO. The board
not only enunciates policy direction, but has established processes for
evaluating its own performance.
The
company also has the following team structure in execution of policies and
programmes. These are:
·
Logistics: (Procurement, warehousing, production,
planning and distribution),
·
Operations: (Engineering services, projects, production,
technical services and manufacturing best practices),
·
Finance: (Financial operation, treasury, financial,
accounting and taxation),
·
Sales
and Marketing: (Sales
generation and credit management, marketing and customer care and welfare),
·
Human
Resources: (HR
Strategy and processes, medical and security),
· Corporate: (Corporate affairs, administration, internal audit and company secretary and legal unit).
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