THE CHEMISTRY OF FAT SOLUBLE VITAMIN

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

Introduction
classification

CHAPTER TWO

Fat soluble vitamin

Sources of  fat soluble vitamin

CHAPTER THREE

The chemistry of fat soluble vitamin on

Chemical formula

Chemical nature.

CHAPTER FOUR

Health implication

References

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

          The term vitamin was derived from vitamin A combination word made up by polish scientist Casmir flunk from vital amine, meaning amine of life.

It was suggested that in 1912 that the organic micronutrient food factors that prevent beriberi and perhaps other similar dietary deficiency disease might be chemical amines (Bellens  jw, 2008).

          This proved incorrect for the micronutrient class and the word was shortened to vitamin.

Vitamin can be defined as nutrient in food that are critical for ensuring your body’s continued health and operation. Vitamin may also be defined as an amount by an organism.

vitamin by definition are convertible to the active form of the body and are sometimes interconcertible not include other essential nutrient  such as dietary minerals, essential fatty acid or essential amino acid which are need in large amounts than in vitamin and does not include the large number of other nutrient that promote health but are otherwise required less often.

However, vitamin have been produced as commodity chemicals and made widely available as in expensive semi-synthetic and synthetic sources multi-vitamin dietary and food supplement and additive (Hoboken john wiley, 2006)

CLASSIFICATION OF FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS

          Vitamins are classified according to their solubility, namely; the fat soluble vitamins and the water soluble vitamins A, D, E and K. while the water soluble vitamins include vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and B complex which include thiamin iriboflavin, niacin, puridoxine, cobalamin, panthotenic and folic acid, chlorine, inositol and biotin.

          Fat soluble vitamin being soluble simply means having the ability to dissolve in water. Therefore fat soluble vitamins can dissolve in fat, and water soluble vitamins have the ability to dissolve in water.

          The fat-soluble vitamins tends to be stored in the body in moderate amounts compared to water –soluble vitamins, and they are normally excreted in the urine (Davis et al., 1984)

          Each vitamin is designated by its own letter. Donating particular vitamins by a letter makes it both easy to identify and of course, quicker to write. For example ascorbic acid is given the letter “c” these designations are less cumbersome, yet still convey the vitamins that we may have heard of and their letter designations.

Vitamins A:- this is a collective term for Retinols and related compounds.

Vitamins B complex – A group of more than a dozen water- soluble substances.

Vitamin C – ascorbic acid

Vitamin D – Ergocalaterol

Vitamin E – tocopherol and other related compound with antioxidant activity.

Vitamin K – phytonadione and others in this group of structurally related compound s with promote blood clotting

Letter and number designations of vitamins

LETTER AND NUMBER	CHEMICAL NAME
Vitamins A1	Retinol
Vitamins A2	Dehydro retinol
Vitamins B2	Thiamine
Vitamins B2	Riboflavin
Vitamins B6	Pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyradoxamine
Vitamins B12	Cynanocobalamin
Vitamins D2	Eraocal ciferol
Vitamins D3	Cholecaleferol
Vitamins K1	Phytonadione
Vitamins K2	Menaquinone
Vitamins K3	Menodione

(MC cormick, 1989)

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