ABSTRACT

The trend analysis on the rate of HIV infection in patient attending Dutse General Hospital, Dutse Jigawa State. Was carry out the HIV infection, also known as HIV/AIDs, is a dangerous disease that causes symptoms. The method used in this research of the disease was by distribution of questionnaires. Data was collected from the respondent patients of the Dutse General Hospital taking into consideration, the total population of infected by age and sex of the patients, it has been shown that the highest percentage of the infection is 73(100%); the male were more infected than the female with 41 of 73 (56.2%) while female has 32 (43.8%) and also people that start from 46-55 years are more infection about 23 of 73 (31.5%) over the others. The rate of HIV infection in patients was increase and also recommended.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page

Declaration      -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -i

Certification    -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -ii

Approval Page            -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -iii

Dedication      -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -iv

Acknowledgement      -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -v

Table of Contents       -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -vi

Abstract          -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -viii

CHAPTER ONE

1.0              INTRODUCTION     -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -1

1.1       Background of the study        -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -1

1.2       Statement of the problem       -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -2

1.3       Significance of the research    -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -2

1.4       Aim and Objectives    -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -2

1.5       Scope and Limitation of the study     -           -           -           -           -           -           -3

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW            -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -4

CHAPTER THREE

3.0       RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1       INTRODUCTION     -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -8

3.2       Study Area      -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -8

3.3       Target Population        -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -8

3.4       Research Design                     -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -9

3.5       Source of Data            -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -9

3.6       Method of Data Collection     -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -9

3.7       Sample Size     -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -9

3.8       Sampling Techniques -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -9

3.9       Method of Data Analysis       -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -10

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0       RESULT AND DISCUSSION         -           -           -           -           -           -           -11

4.1       Introduction    -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -11

4.2       Result -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -11

4.3       Discussion       -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -13

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0       Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation             -           -           -           -           -14

5.1       Summary         -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -14

5.2       Conclusion      -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -14

5.3       Recommendation        -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -15

            Reference        -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -16

            Appendix        -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -18

            Questionnaire  -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -19

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background to the Study

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a virus that attacks cells that help the body fight infection, making a person more vulnerable to other infections and disease. It is spread by contact with certain bodily fluids of a person with HIV, most commonly during unprotected sex (sex without a condom or medicine to prevent or treat HIV), or through sharing injection. Scientists believe that HIV originally came from a virus particularly to chimpanzees in West Africa during the 1930s, and originally transmitted to humans through hunting. Over the decades, the virus spread through Africa, and to other parts of the world (Felistas Mashinya, 2016).

The following are some of the major events and the discoveries in HIV and AIDS since 1981 (Canadian Foundation for AIDS Research, 2017): During 1981, in the US, reporting of unusually high rate of rare forms of pneumonia and cancer in young gay men begins. The disease is initially called Gay-Related Immune Deficiency (GRID) because it is thought it only affects gay men. Cases are also reported in injection drug users by the end of the year. In 1982, the disease is renamed Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS).It is realized that the infection can be sexually transmitted and cause by HIV. Cases are reported in blood transfusion recipients. In 1983 it is discovered that women can become infected   with AIDS through heterosexual sex. In 1986 it discovered that HIV can be passed from mother to child through breast-feeding in 1987 CANFAR is founded (Gullen, et. al.,, (2007).

The first anti-retroviral drug is approved. Between 8-10 million people are estimated to be living with HIV worldwide (1990). In 1997 UNAIDS estimates there are 30 million people living with HIV and AIDS worldwide, with 16000 new infections daily. In the year 1999 world health organization announces that AIDS was the fourth biggest cause of death worldwide and the one killer in Africa. An estimated 33 million people were living with HIV, and 14 million people were recognized to die from AIDS since the start of the epidemic. In 2011 confirmation is published Timothy Brown is cured of HIV, four years after completing treatment (Mave, et. al.,, 2016).

The first two AIDS cases in Nigeria was diagnosed in 1985 and reported in 1986 in Lagos one of which is a young female sex worker aged 13 years from one of the West African countries (Nasidi and Harry, 2006).Nigeria has the second largest HIV epidemic in world. Although HIV prevalence among adult is much less (2.8 %) then other sub Saharan African countries such as south Africa (18.8%) Zambia (11.5%) the size of Nigeria’s population means 3.1 million people were living with HIV in 2017(CDC, 2018). (Tomson-Pauj, et. al., 2019)

1.1 Statement of the Problem

Better health is central to human happiness and well being. It also makes an important contribution to economics progress, as health life longer, are more productive   more. However, Nigeria has about 3.8 million people living with the second largest globally. Many people living with HIV in Nigeria are unaware of their status. United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) estimates that around two third of new HIV infections in west and central Africa in 2017 occurred in Nigeria. Approximately 150000 died from AIDS related illness in Nigeria (Mendalhall, et. al.,. 2012).

1.2 Significance of the Study

Medical practitioners, dieticians, and the society at large, in knowing the level of; nutrients, treatments, and care required by the HIV positive patients.

1.3 Aim and Objectives

Aim

The aim of the study is to determine the trend analysis on the rate of HIV infection in patient attending Dutse General Hospital

Specific Objectives

The followings are the specific objectives of the study:

i)                    To determine the rate of HIV among patients attending Dutse General Hospital.

ii)                  To determine the rate of infection of HIV among patient attending Dutse General Hospital by gender.

iii)                To determine which age group are most attached by HIV among patients attending Dutse General Hospital as per hospital treated.

1.5 Scope and Limitation

This work is limited to the data obtained from Dutse General Hospital. The Hospital receives many patients every day more especially from the various places around Dutse Local Government.