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Product Category: Projects
Product Code: 00009596
No of Pages: 27
No of Chapters: 5
File Format: Microsoft Word
Price :
$20
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ABSTRACT
This study investigates the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) among patients attending Dutse General Hospital from January 2023 to December 2024. A total of 500 patients were screened for TB, of which 120 tested positive, yielding an overall prevalence rate of 24%. The study examined TB prevalence across different demographic factors such as gender, age, HIV status, occupation, and residential area. The results showed higher prevalence in males (28%) compared to females (20%) and among patients aged 30-50 years (32%). Additionally, TB prevalence was notably higher among HIV-positive individuals and manual laborers. Statistical analysis revealed significant associations between gender, age, and TB prevalence (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). The findings highlight the need for targeted TB control programs for high-risk populations, especially rural residents and those co-infected with HIV. The study also emphasizes the importance of improving healthcare access and awareness to mitigate the spread of TB.
Keywords: Tuberculosis, Prevalence, Dutse General Hospital, Public Health, Nigeria, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Screening, Epidemiology..
Table of Contents
1.4 Significance of the
Research
1.6 Definition of
Terms/Abbreviation
2.1 Epidimiology of
Tuberculosis
5........ Regional Differences
1........ Gender and Age Dynamics
2........ Impact of
HIV Co-infection
3........ Public
Health Significance
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Tuberculosis (TB) is a
chronic bacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium
tuberculosis (MTB) complex which commonly affects the lungs (pulmonary TB
[PTB]), but can affect others site as well (extra-pulmonary TB [EPTB]).
(Thumami et al..2012). Most infections show no symptoms, in which
case it is known as latent tuberculosis. (WHO, 2020). Around 10% of latent
infections progress to active disease which, if left untreated, kill about half
of those affected. (WHO, 2020). The classic symptoms of active TB are a chronic
cough with blood-containing sputum, fever, night sweats and weight loss (WHO,
2019).
The Symptoms of active TB
are a chronic cough with blood-containing sputum, fever, night sweats, and
weight loss (WHO, 2019). The historical term “consumption” came about due to
the weight loss. Infection of other organs can cause a wide range of symptoms
(CDC, 2011). Pulmonary Tuberculosis is spread through the air when people who
have active TB in their lungs cough, spit, speak, or sneeze. People with latent
TB do not spread the disease (CDC, 2011). Active infection occurs more often in
people with HIV/AIDS and in those who smoke and about 251 000 people died of
HIV-associated TB (WHO, 2020).
The aim of this research was
to determined the prevalence of Tuberculosis among patients attending Dutse
General Hospital using medical records between January 2024 to December 2024
1.
To determine the overall prevalence of tuberculosis
(TB) among patients attending Dutse General Hospital between January 2023 and
December 2024.
2.
To assess the prevalence of TB based on demographic
factors, including gender, age group, HIV status, and occupation.
3.
To analyze the relationship between TB prevalence and
factors such as residential area (urban vs. rural).
4.
To explore the impact of HIV co-infection on the
likelihood of testing positive for TB.
5.
To evaluate the association between age, gender, and
other demographic factors with TB prevalence using statistical tests.
6.
To provide recommendations for targeted TB prevention
and control programs for high-risk groups in the study area.
Tuberculosis is a chronic
infectious disease affecting lung and other part of the body leading to many
complications to the body part/organs e.g. respiratory and renal disease.
Tuberculosis was choosing as a research topic because presently it is one of
the conditions found in the society.
Despite efforts to control
and manage Tuberculosis (TB) in Nigeria, the disease remains a significant
public health concern, particularly in healthcare facilities. Dutse General
Hospital, a major healthcare provider in Jigawa State, lacks current data on
the prevalence of TB among its patients, making it challenging to develop
effective control and management strategies. This study aims to determine the
prevalence of TB among patients attending Dutse General Hospital, identify
associated socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, and assess the
diagnostic methods used for TB diagnosis. The findings will inform
evidence-based interventions to reduce the burden of TB in the hospital and
improve patient outcomes."
1. Is to find the way out in
reducing the incidence among people.
2. To ensure proper care of
the patient.
3.
Toserveasguidelineforfurtherresearch
4.
Toimprovetheknowledgeofthepeoplepertainthepreventionandcontrolmeasuresofthediseases.
As a result of time and
resources factor, the scope of this research narrowed down to fit with the time
limit, for this reason, this research was limited among documented register of TB result among patient attending Dutse
general
TB: Tuberculosis
MTB: Mycobacterium tuberculosis
MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS: Is a bacterium responsible for causing Tuberculosis
WHO: World Health
Organization
HIV; Human Immunodeficiency
Virus
PTB: Pulmonary Tuberculosis
CDC: Center for the disease
control and infections
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